ABSTRACT
Design space approach was applied to optimize the spray drying process of Shenpu Penyan Granule (SPG) based on the concept of quality by design (QbD). The yield, moisture content, the content of paeoniflorin, chlorogenic acid, polydatin and salvianolic acid B were defined as the process critical quality attributes (CQAs). Based on the Plackett-Burman design, three critical process parameters (CPPs) including inlet temperature, specific gravity, and feeding speed were identified by using the weighted standardized partial regression coefficient method. And stepwise regression method was then used to establish the mathematical model between CQAs and CPPs in the Box-Behnken design. The variance analysis results showed that the P values of the five models were less than 0.05 and the mismatch values were all greater than 0.05, indicating that the model could describe the relationship between CQAs and CPPs. Probability based design space was obtained and verified using Monte-Carlo simulation method. According to the verification results, the robustness of first ethanol precipitation process of SPG can be guaranteed by operating within the design space parameters, which helps to improve the quality uniformity between batches of phenol extracts and provides data support for industrialization production.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES@#To explore the metabolic characteristics of lethal bradycardia induced by myocardial ischemia in rat's serum.@*METHODS@#A rat myocardial ischemia-bradycardia-sudden cardiac death （MI-B-SCD） model was established, which was compared with the sham-operation group. The metabolic profile of postmortem serum was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）, coupled with the analysis of serum metabolic characteristics using metabolomics strategies.@*RESULTS@#The serum metabolic profiles were significantly different between the MI-B-SCD rats and the control rats. Compared to the control rats, the MI-B-SCD rats had significantly higher levels of lysine, ornithine, purine, serine, alanine, urea and lactic acid; and significantly lower levels of succinate, hexadecanoic acid, 2-ketoadipic acid, glyceraldehyde, hexendioic acid and octanedioic acid in the serum. There were some correlations among different metabolites.@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is obvious metabolic alterations in the serum of MI-B-SCD rat. Both lysine and purine have a high value in diagnosing MI-B-SCD. The results are expected to provide references for forensic and clinical applications of prevention and control of sudden cardiac death.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Bradycardia/pathology , Coronary Artery Disease , Death, Sudden, Cardiac , Disease Models, Animal , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods , Lysine/metabolism , Metabolomics/methods , Myocardial Ischemia/metabolism , Purines/metabolismABSTRACT
This study was aimed to characterize clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with adenosquamous lung carcinoma (ASC). Among the 2531 patients with lung cancer who underwent surgery between January 2000 and June 2012 in our hospital, 59 were histologically diagnosed as having ASC. The clinicopathological features and follow-up data of ASC patients were collected and analyzed statistically. Superior lobectomy was accomplished in 40 patients, middle and inferior lobectomy in 3, lobectomy plus partial resection of contralateral lung in 5, partial lung resection in 4, and pneumonectomy in 7. Moreover, 22 cases were found to be adenocarcinoma-predominant, and 18 to be squamous cell carcinoma-predominant. The median survival time was 13.6 months, and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 59.9%, 36.4% and 31.2%, respectively. Of the 52 cases with tissue specimens available, 11 had an EGFR mutation (21.2%) and 2 had a KRAS mutation (3.8%). Multivariate analysis showed that histology subtype, pleural invasion, TNM stage, and postoperative treatment were all independent prognostic factors. The data from the current study demonstrated that SCC-predominant histology represents a better prognosis of ASC. Histology subtype, pleural invasion, TNM stage, and postoperative treatment are independent prognostic factors for ASC and adjuvant therapy may help control the disease.
ABSTRACT
This study was aimed to characterize clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with adenosquamous lung carcinoma (ASC). Among the 2531 patients with lung cancer who underwent surgery between January 2000 and June 2012 in our hospital, 59 were histologically diagnosed as having ASC. The clinicopathological features and follow-up data of ASC patients were collected and analyzed statistically. Superior lobectomy was accomplished in 40 patients, middle and inferior lobectomy in 3, lobectomy plus partial resection of contralateral lung in 5, partial lung resection in 4, and pneumonectomy in 7. Moreover, 22 cases were found to be adenocarcinoma-predominant, and 18 to be squamous cell carcinoma-predominant. The median survival time was 13.6 months, and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 59.9%, 36.4% and 31.2%, respectively. Of the 52 cases with tissue specimens available, 11 had an EGFR mutation (21.2%) and 2 had a KRAS mutation (3.8%). Multivariate analysis showed that histology subtype, pleural invasion, TNM stage, and postoperative treatment were all independent prognostic factors. The data from the current study demonstrated that SCC-predominant histology represents a better prognosis of ASC. Histology subtype, pleural invasion, TNM stage, and postoperative treatment are independent prognostic factors for ASC and adjuvant therapy may help control the disease.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Adenosquamous , Genetics , Pathology , General Surgery , Diagnosis, Differential , Lung Neoplasms , Genetics , Pathology , General Surgery , Mutation , Prognosis , Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) , Genetics , ErbB Receptors , Genetics , Retrospective Studies , Survival AnalysisABSTRACT
This paper was aim to optimize the purification technology of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata extract with macroporous adsorption resin. With the content of manninotriose as index, the absorptive flow and time were investigated, as well as kinds, amount, flow of eluent. D-101 type macroporous adsorption resin was the best choice for the purification of manninotriose. The optimized parameters were as follows: the content of manninotriose at 161.16-53.72 mg x g(-1), absorption time 240 min, eluting solvent of purified water, volume flow at 1.5 BV x h(-1), and eluant volume at 6 BV. D-101 type macroporous adsorption resin could significantly increase the purity of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata extract with the advantage of high absorption, remove most part of impurity, and the effect of semi-works production was better.
Subject(s)
Adsorption , Chemical Fractionation , Chromatography, Liquid , Methods , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Rehmannia , Chemistry , Resins, Synthetic , ChemistryABSTRACT
From the beginning of the fourth national survey of the Chinese materia medica resources, there were 22 provinces have conducted pilots. The survey teams have reported immense data, it put forward the very high request to the database system construction. In order to ensure the quality, it is necessary to check and validate the data in database system. Data validation is important methods to ensure the validity, integrity and accuracy of census data. This paper comprehensively introduce the data validation system of the fourth national survey of the Chinese materia medica resources database system, and further improve the design idea and programs of data validation. The purpose of this study is to promote the survey work smoothly.